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«Õ≈‡¥π °≈“¬‡ªìπ ∂“π∑’Ë∑—»π»÷°…“Õ—π ”§—≠¢Õߪ√–‡∑» ¡’Àπ—ß ◊Õ
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À≈“¬‡≈ࡇ¢’¬π∂÷ßÀπÕßπÈ”π’È‚¥¬‡©æ“–

¬‘Ëß¡’§π查∂÷ß™’«‘µ·≈–ß“π¢Õ߇¢“¡“°¡“¬ °Á¬àÕ¡¡’¡ÿ¡¡Õß∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π
√«¡∑—Èß∑—»π–∫“ßÕ¬à“ß∑’Ë¡’§π‡ÀÁπ«à“‡ªì𧫓¡‡¢â“„®º‘¥

‡™àπ ´“√à“ ‡™≈¥Õπ (Sara Sheldon, 1969) ‡ÀÁπ«à“∏Õ‚√‡ªìπ§π∑’ˇÀÁπ
·µ°µà“ß (a dissenter) ‰¡à¬Õ¡√—∫°Æ‡°≥±åÀ√◊Õ§«“¡‡ÀÁπ¢Õߧπ à«π„À≠à

(nonconformist) ‡ªìπ§π∑’Ë·¬°µ—«ÕÕ°‰ª (a dropout) ‡ªìπ°∫صàÕ√–∫∫∑’Ë¥”√ßÕ¬Ÿà
(rebelled against the Establishment) ‡ªìπ§π∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡®–∂Õπµ—«ÕÕ°®“°∑ÿ°«ß°“√
(would have signed off from all the societies which I never signed on to)

ªØ‘‡ ∏ß“πª°µ‘ ·≈–∑”ß“π·ª≈°Ê (rejected all ùnormalû careers and did
odd jobs) ªØ‘‡ ∏§”®”°—¥§«“¡¢Õߧ”«à“ ù§«“¡ ”‡√Á®û (rejected the worldûs

definition of ùsuccessû) ‡√’¬°√âÕß„Àâ≈–‡¡‘¥°ÆÀ¡“¬ (Unjust laws exist, shall
we be content to obey them....or shall we transgress them at once? I say,
break the law) ·≈–‡√’¬°√âÕß„Àâ¡’‡ √’¿“æ à«π∫ÿ§§≈ (demanded a life of

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personal freedom). ∫“ߧπ¡Õß«à“∏Õ‚√‡ªìπ§π‡ÀÁπ·°àµ—« ºàÕπª√π„Àâµ—«‡Õß
‰¡à§∫§â“ ¡“§¡°—∫„§√ ‰¡à∑”ª√–‚¬™πåÕ–‰√„À⠗ߧ¡ ·≈–‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√∑’ˇ¢“
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‰¡à¬Õ¡™”√–¿“…’ ‡æ√“–‡¢“¢“¥§«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π°“√‡ªìπæ≈‡¡◊Õß ∫“ߧπ

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‡™àπ Henry Hough, Thoreau of Walden: The Man and His Eventful Life. N.Y.: Simon and
Schuster, Inc., 1956; Mark Van Doren, Henry D. Thoreau: A Critical Study. Boston: Houghton
Mifflin Co., 1916; Reginald Cook, Passage to Walden. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1949; and
George Whicher, Walden Revisited. N.Y.: Farrar, Straus & Co., Inc., 1945
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H.D.Thoreau, The Best of Walden and Civil Disobedience. Introduction by Sara Sheldon,
N.Y.: Scholastic Book Services, 1969 pp. 7-9
13
Perry Miller, op.cit., p. 254

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